linux命令01-查看信息

1. 查看linux系统信息

1.1 查看系统版本

#lsb_release -a 
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 16.04.6 LTS
Release:        16.04
Codename:       xenial

#uname -srm  
Linux 4.15.0-1060-gcp x86_64

#cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="16.04.6 LTS (Xenial Xerus)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 16.04.6 LTS"
VERSION_ID="16.04"
HOME_URL="http://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="http://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="http://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
VERSION_CODENAME=xenial
UBUNTU_CODENAME=xenial

#cat /proc/version
Linux version 4.15.0-1060-gcp (buildd@lcy01-amd64-028) (gcc version 5.4.0 20160609 (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12)) #64-Ubuntu SMP Thu Mar 26 03:21:15 UTC 2020

#cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu 16.04.6 LTS \n \l

1.2 查看硬盘内存 CPU

1.2.1 查看硬盘

# df -h  查看磁盘空间
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev            986M     0  986M   0% /dev
tmpfs           200M   22M  179M  11% /run
/dev/sda1        29G  5.6G   24G  20% /


#fdisk -l  查看Linux中的所有磁盘分区
Disk /dev/sda: 30 GiB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: A03F431A-7AE6-406D-B233-EED234598EEE

Device      Start      End  Sectors  Size Type
/dev/sda1  227328 62914526 62687199 29.9G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda14   2048    10239     8192    4M BIOS boot
/dev/sda15  10240   227327   217088  106M EFI System

1.2.1 查看内存

# free -h 查看内存
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           1.9G        769M        211M         21M        1.0G        1.0G
Swap:            0B          0B          0B

1.2.2 查看 CPU

# lscpu
Architecture:          x86_64
CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order:            Little Endian
CPU(s):                2

# cat /proc/cpuinfo   查看 CPU 信息
processor       : 0
vendor_id       : GenuineIntel
cpu family      : 6
model           : 63
model name      : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU @ 2.30GHz
stepping        : 0
microcode       : 0x1
cpu MHz         : 2300.000
cache size      : 46080 KB

# cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "processor"| wc -l   查看 CPU 个数
2

2. 进程端口相关

2.1 查询进程

ps     # displays processes for the current shell.
ps -ef # Display every active process on a Linux system in generic (Unix/Linux) format.
ps -aux # Display all processes in BSD format.

2.2 查询端口

#1. 这类命令一定要用sudo
#2. a: all p: procee, t:tcp, u:udp, l:正在监听的 , n: 禁止域名解析, 只显示数字ip
sudo netstat -anp | grep 80
sudo netstat -tunlp | grep 80


# 知道进程名字反查端口
ps -ef | grep processName  #得到processID
netstat -anp | grep processID #p能显示出进程名和进程id, 过滤得到端口

# 知道端口反查进程名字
sudo lsof -i :80

# 一个命令搞定
sudo netstat -anp | grep processID
sudo netstat -anp | grep processName

3. 参考教程

• https://linuxtools-rst.readthedocs.io/zh_CN/latest/